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Artifical abortion in Czechia, Slovakia, Croatia and Poland after World War II
Urešová, Daniela ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Artifical abortion in Czechia, Slovakia, Croatia and Poland after World War II Abstract This thesis aims to provide a clear and comprehensive overview of abortion, history, legislation and factors influencing abortion in Czechia, Slovakia, Croatia and Poland. The theoretical part presents essential information and factors influencing the artificial termination of pregnancy. The most important part of the academic work focuses on the history of legislation in Czechia, Slovakia, Croatia and Poland. The analytical part presents the development of selected indicators of the artificial abortion rate after the Second World War until 2020. It has been confirmed that legislation, attitudes and societal views on abortion change over time. Thus, there are currently differences in legislation between Czech, Slovakia, Croatia and Poland. Czech has the most liberal approach, Slovakia and Croatia are relatively liberal on this issue, while Poland has the strictest laws on abortion. Keywords: artifical abortion, abortion, contraception, legislation, Czechia, Slovakia, Croatia, Poland The number of characters in the document without spaces: 140 042
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Regional differentiation of induced abortion rate in the Czech republic
Chválová, Martina ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee)
Regional differentiation of induced abortion rate in the Czech republic Abstract The goal of the work is to address the issue of induced abortion in the Czech Republic in 2011. The abortion definition and its types, necessary for exact delimitation of the topic, are introduced. Then actual legislation and data gathering of induced abortion are provided. The work focuses on the analysis of regional differentiation of induced abortions in the Czech Republic. The work includes graphs of some statistical indicators of induced abortions in the Czech Republic in 2011. It mainly focuses on pattems of induced abortions in individual regions, according to number of previous live-born babies to mothers who underwent the induced abortion, marital status and education level of these women. Methods of demographic analysis and statistical methods are used (induced abortions to live birth ratios, total induced abortions rate, women's average age at induced abortion). Working hypotheses are presented and consequently verified. Cluster analysis on the regional scale was applied to make the induced abortion patterns more transparent and easier to interpret. The analysis showed that the biggest number of induced abortions is in Central-Bohemia region and in Prague. The highest induced abortion ratio and total induced abortion...
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Abortion in the light of case-law of the European Court of Human Rights
Koubková, Iveta ; Bílková, Veronika (advisor) ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (referee)
Thesis: Abortion in the light of case law of European Court of Human Rights This thesis focuses on the legal regulation of abortion in selected European countries in order to find single European standard. It concentrates primarily on issues of assessing violations of particular articles of the Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms by the European Court of Human Rights or former European Commission of Human Rights in relation to specific cases associated with abortion. Abortion means the deliberate termination of pregnancy by means of surgery or administration of drugs to induce abortion. Abortion is a major ethical issue that raises number of discussions and disputes. The complexity of the problem is due to the fact that on the one hand there is the mother's right to freely decide to terminate or continue the pregnancy and on the other hand, there is considerable right of the embryo/foetus to life. The whole text of the thesis is interwoven with finding a balance between these competing interests of women and the unborn child based on my own opinion or the opinion of the international judicial body. It analyzes two main approaches, which are pro-choice approach in favour of women's freedom of choice, and pro- life approach arguing that the foetus has right to life. Both approaches...
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Protection of a human foetus
Sůvová, Zuzana ; Císařová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Sovová, Olga (referee)
Protection of a human foetus The aim of this thesis is to deal with the protection of the human foetus in the scope of the Czech legal environment as well as in the relation with the international law. The work provides the insight into the specific law areas as constitutional law, criminal law and also private law and deals with the specific rules contended in the single act as the Interruption of the pregnancy act and the new Specific medical services act. The substantial part of the legal discussion is supported by examination of the decisions of the courts both international and national which reflect the protection of human foetus. The thesis focuses on the protection of human foetus in its complexity and shall provide the comparative material which compares the protection of the human foetus within the specific law disciplines. The analysis of single legal problems and issues of the protection of the human foetus is not exhaustive and focuses on the protection and state of the human foetus in specific statutes. The protection of the human foetus represents quite discussable issue which provides a large number of questions to be answered and leads to the discussions which are reflected in this work. The key issue is researched under the actual conditions of the legal system and also with the...
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Planned parenthood in Visegrad Group countries
Hrabcová, Tereza ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Planned parenthood in Visegrad Group countries Abstract The main goal of this thesis is to characterise the changing approach to family planning in individual Visegrad Group countries from the 1950s to the present and then compare them to each other. The theoretical part focuses on factors that had major influence on both the formation of families and the time of having children in the countries studied. The analytical part deals with the development of demographic indicators of fertility, abortion and the estimated development of contraceptive use based on the surveys carried out. The analysis shows that during the socialist era, the approach about family planning was similar in the countries, but from the early 1990s it began to differentiate more. The biggest differences from other countries were recorded in Poland, probably due to the Catholic Church. Keywords: planned parenthood, Visegrad Group, Czechia, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, fertility, induced abortion, contraception
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Seasonality of Selected Demographic Events in the Czech Republic after 1950
Procházková, Kateřina ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
Seasonality of Selected Demographic Events in the Czech Republic after 1950 Abstract This thesis is focusing on seasonality of marriages, live births, induced abortions, spontaneous abortions, deaths and suicides in the Czech Republic in the period of 1950-2019. The thesis also describes several factors, which affect the seasonality of these events. The data is analyzed according to individual months in each year. Furthermore, the period is divided into decades which are described in more detail. Seasonality of live births, induced abortions and suicides is also analyzed with focus on particular day of the week. Seasonality of marriages is influenced mainly by social and cultural factors, legislations changes and traditions. The seasonality of live births is influenced by bioclimatic, energetic and social factors. The seasonality of induced abortions is influenced by the time of conception and operation of medical facilities. Seasonality of deaths is influenced by bioclimatic and sociodemographic factors. Suicides are combination of bioclimatic and social factors. Moreover, the thesis analyzes the changes in seasonality of some demographic events that happened in the pandemic year of 2020. Key words: seasonality, causes affecting seasonality, marriages, live births, induced abortions, spontaneous abortions,...
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Issue of Abortion
Váňa, Miroslav ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Matějek, Jaromír (referee)
This diploma thesis is aimed at an induced abortion issue and it considers it a bioethical issue. The author refers to a difference between views of theological and biological sciences that deal with the given issue. Simultaneously it provides a reader with an essential outline of basic embryological and medical processes which enable understanding of the given issue. On the one hand, the thesis presents a reader legal essentials related to the given topic in a historical legal context, on the other hand it does not ignore a contemporary development. It regards the given issue from a point of view of various Christian churches, although it does not work in a field of theology. It refers to negative health consequences of a miscarriage and induced abortion and simultaneously it presents basic information about contraception and about contraceptive and abortive means. The thesis also presents a reader with opinions and moral norms of selected Christian churches that express their opinions on abortion, contraception and interception. The author reflects upon the given moral norms. One of the aims of the thesis is to find a suitable way of presenting the moral norms in the field of induced abortion and interception so that the reason and consciousness of the individual were respected. The diploma...
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Abortion, Comparison of K.H. Peschke´sview and W. Huber´s view
NOVÁ, Blanka
The thesis deals with the topic of induced abortion. It presents views of catholic and protestant Christian ethicists by way of selected sources. A part of the thesis addresses the question of when a human life begins, next it deals with the four indications when an induced abortion is allowed, and compares the attitudes of catholic and protestant ethicists. Further, it works with the Sixth Commandment "Thou shalt not kill" and presents biblical references concerning abortion. Another part of the thesis deals with the statement of the German Evangelical Church on the German abortion law. In the conclusion of the thesis, the similarities and differences in the opinions on abortion of the two biggest Christian churches are presented.
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Issue of Abortion
Váňa, Miroslav ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
This diploma thesis is aimed at problems of abortion and simultaneously of a different view of theological and biological sciences that deal with these problems. Concurrently, it is necessary to offer an essential outline of basic embryological and medical processes which enable understanding the given problem in view of importance of this situation. On the one hand the thesis presents legal essentials related to the topic in a historical legal context, on the other hand it does not exclude contemporary trends. It regards the given problems through a point of view of various Christian churches as well as world religious streams. It refers to negative health consequences of miscarriage and induced abortion but in the same time it presents basic information about contraception and differentiation of contraceptive and interceptive means. The thesis also presents opinions of individual churches that express their view of contraception or interception. The author of this thesis thinks critically over these thoughts and invites readers to create their own reflection of given problems. He tries to outline a wide range of these problems in the new, wider and often ignored point of view, that is of father's view. A father is often totally ignored during an abortion though he is actually a half-donor of...
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Abortion laws in Czechoslovakia in 1950-1986
Černý, David ; Marková, Alena (advisor) ; Vávra, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis analyses the legislation governing interruptions in Czechoslovakia in the time frame between 1950 and 1986 when this legislation went through many changes. The thesis studies consequences of these changes, their influence on the population in Czechoslovakia and even opinions of its inhabitants living in above mentioned time period. The thesis focuses also on so called "interruption commission"; institutions of former Czechoslovakia, which used to decide about the future of unwanted pregnancies. One part of this diploma thesis is also dedicated to the development and accessibility of contraceptives, which were directly influenced by the legislation.
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